CHALLENGERS MERIT: BACKPACKING BASICS
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 1.  Complete the following advanced merits:

     a.  Camping.

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     b.  Cooking.

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     c.  First Aid.

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     d.  Hiking.

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 2.  Point out the advantages and disadvantages of the 2 types of hiking boots.

     a.  __________________________________   b.  __________________________________

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 3.  Explain how to select a boot that fits properly.

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 4.  Explain how to properly waterproof and care for a pair of hiking boots.

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 5.  Explain First Aid and prevention for blisters.

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 6.  Explain how to choose a campsite.  Discuss the following topics:

     1.  Environmental concerns: well used sites vs infrequently used used sites.
     2.  Temperature: variations due to different geographical features and elevations,
         such as mountaintops, valleys, fields, etc.
     3.  Weather patterns: wind and storm direction with associated runoff.
     4.  Proximity to resources: water, fuel, medical facilities, etc.
     5.  Natural dangers: floods, dead trees, animals, snow drifts, sand dunes, etc.

     (Attach to this worksheet)

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 7.  List potentially dangerous insects, snakes, plants, and animals you may encounter
     while hiking.  Explain what to do upon such an encounter.  Identify 1 of the
     dangers on your list while hiking.

     (Attach to this worksheet)

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 8.  Explain the dangers of dehydration.

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 9.  Explain the differences between first aid in a wilderness setting and first aid
     in a more civilized setting.  Explain the importance of being familiar with
     wilderness first aid when backpacking.

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10.  Explain the different degrees of high altitude sickness.  Explain the symptoms
     and proper treatment of each degree.

     (Attach to this worksheet)

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11.  Identify the pros and cons of 3 different resupply methods, such as, resupplying
     at a store, mailing your food ahead, storing food in a cache, or meeting someone
     who has supplies.  Explain which method you would use and why.

     (Attach to this worksheet)

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12.  Explain the differences between the major types of packs used for backpacking.
     Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each.  Discuss the reasons you chose
     the type of pack you own.  Assuming you could afford it, would you have chosen
     a more expensive pack?  If so, explain what kind and why.

     (Attach to this worksheet)

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13.  Explain how to pack items in your backpack, both heavy and light objects.  What
     items should go on top, and which on the bottom?  Which items belong in an
     exterior pocket?

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14.  Explain the different ways that trails are marked.  How can paint markers warn
     you of a sharp turn in the trail?  What is a cairn?

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15.  Plan and take a 2 day backpacking trip.  Leave a trip plan with someone at home.
     The trip plan should include the following:

     1.  A detailed plan of your trip, including trail names, water sources, places
         to sleep, and landmarks.
     2.  Alternate or escape plans if the trip does not proceed as planned.
     3.  Estimated mileage and altitude covered each day.
     4.  Places to obtain help in an emergency, such as phones, hospitals, etc.

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